Oracle 9i Security Checklist: - Install only the products you are using. - Lock and expire default user accounts. - Change default passwords and enforce password management. - Enable dictionary protection. - Practive the principle of least privilege. - Enforce access controls effectively. - Restrict network areas. + Use a firewall. + Don't poke any holes through the firewall. + Prevent listener access (set ADMIN_RESTRICTIONS_listener-name=ON) + Allow/Deny access based on network IP. (tcp.validnode_checking=YES, tcp.excluded_nodes={list the IP's} tcp.invited_nodes={list the IP's}). + Encrypt network traffic (Oracle Advanced Security). + Make the OS more restrictive. - Apply all Oracle Security Patches - Report security issues or vulnerabilities to Oracle.